Shipboard fisheries management terminals

The needs of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMGS), National Weather Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard for locational, biological, and environmental data were assessed. The fisheries conservation zones and the yellowfin tuna jurisdiction of the NMFS operates observer programs on foreign and domestic fishing vessels. Data input terminal and data transfer and processing technology are reviewed to establish available capability. A matrix of implementation options is generated to identify the benefits of each option, and preliminary cost estimates are made. Recommendations are made for incremental application of available off the shelf hardware to obtain improved performance and benefits within a well bounded cost. Terminal recommendations are made for three interdependent shipboard units emphasizing: (1) the determination of location and fishing activity; (2) hand held data inputting and formatting in the fishing work areas; and (3) data manipulation, merging, and editing

Strong Coupling Corrections to the Ginzburg-Landau Theory of Superfluid ^{3}He

In the Ginzburg-Landau theory of superfluid $^{3}$He, the free energy is expressed as an expansion of invariants of a complex order parameter. Strong coupling effects, which increase with increasing pressure, are embodied in the set of coefficients of these order parameter invariants\cite{Leg75,Thu87}. Experiments can be used to determine four independent combinations of the coefficients of the five fourth order invariants. This leaves the phenomenological description of the thermodynamics near $T_{c}$ incomplete. Theoretical understanding of these coefficients is also quite limited. We analyze our measurements of the magnetic susceptibility and the NMR frequency shift in the $B$-phase which refine the four experimental inputs to the phenomenological theory. We propose a model based on existing experiments, combined with calculations by Sauls and Serene\cite{Sau81} of the pressure dependence of these coefficients, in order to determine all five fourth order terms. This model leads us to a better understanding of the thermodynamics of superfluid $^{3}$He in its various states. We discuss the surface tension of bulk superfluid $^{3}$He and predictions for novel states of the superfluid such as those that are stabilized by elastic scattering of quasiparticles from a highly porous silica aerogel.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 2 table

28. STRUCTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF GRAVITY ANOMALIES, RESOLUTION AND HEEZEN GUYOTS, MID-PACIFIC MOUNTAINS 1

ABSTRACT Drilling showed that carbonate rocks make up most of Resolution Guyot, located in the western Mid-Pacific Mountains. Density data from Hole 866A, in the top of the guyot, were used to calculate a forward model of the gravity anomaly caused by the guyot's topography. After this anomaly was subtracted from the observed free-air anomaly, a significant positive residual, 35 mGal in amplitude, remained. The same densities were used for nearby Heezen Guyot, which yielded a similar, 45 mGal residual. Inverse models of the Resolution Guyot residual indicate that most of the mass excess can be attributed to the contrast between surrounding sediments and the dolomites at the bottom of the guyot's limestone section and the basalt pedestal beneath the guyot. Nevertheless, models with a central mass concentration fit the residual significantly better than those without, suggesting that there may be either a buried, conical, seamount remanent in the center of the guyot or a central conduit with dense intrusive rocks. The latter seems more plausible because seismic reflection profiles show no evidence of a buried conical structure. In addition, models with bottoms below the predicted top of the underlying basaltic plateau give more plausible density contrasts, suggesting that either a dense zone exists within the plateau beneath the guyot or that the extrapolated depth to the plateau top is incorrect by 500 m to 1000 m. The Resolution Guyot models imply that the carbonate bank buried a small seamount or igneous pedestal and retained nearly the same shape and width. Although the Heezen Guyot residual anomaly was not explicitly modeled, it is similar to that of Resolution Guyot and implies an analogous subsurface structure. In contrast, the Heezen Guyot residual is located to the west side of that edifice and does not have the same elongated shape as the guyot. Thus, it appears that the carbonate bank of Heezen Guyot expanded eastward from its pedestal

24. GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD VARIATIONS RECORDED WITHIN DRILL PIPE AT SITE 865: IMPLICATIONS FOR PALEOMAGNETIC STUDIES 1

ABSTRACT In this study, we measured the magnetic field within the drill string with a wireline magnetometer log and estimated the effect that this magnetic-field might have on paleomagnetic core samples. Sharp decreases in the vertical magnetic-field component and sharp increases in the horizontal component were observed at approximately 10-m intervals, corresponding to the pipe joints. Induced magnetization by the greater thicknesses of iron at these connection points apparently causes the magnetic-field variations. The bottom-hole assembly of the drill string was dominated by induced magnetization and possibly was affected by permanent magnetization. In general, the magnetic-field throughout most of the drill pipe and bottom-hole assembly is only two to five times greater than the Earth's magnetic field at Site 865 and so is not likely to affect paleomagnetic samples. However, the magnetometers vertical sensor became saturated in a downward direction between 344 and 356 m below the rig floor at Site 865, suggesting negative inclination of a strong permanent magnetization of two pipes within this zone. Such a strong magnetic field is a likely cause of remagnetization of core samples

Unintentional high density p-type modulation doping of a GaAs/AlAs core-multi-shell nanowire

Achieving significant doping in GaAs/AlAs core/shell nanowires (NWs) is of considerable technological importance but remains a challenge due to the amphoteric behavior of the dopant atoms. Here we show that placing a narrow GaAs quantum well in the AlAs shell effectively getters residual carbon acceptors leading to an \emph{unintentional} p-type doping. Magneto-optical studies of such a GaAs/AlAs core multi-shell NW reveal quantum confined emission. Theoretical calculations of NW electronic structure confirm quantum confinement of carriers at the core/shell interface due to the presence of ionized carbon acceptors in the 1~nm GaAs layer in the shell. Micro-photoluminescence in high magnetic field shows a clear signature of avoided crossings of the $n=0$ Landau level emission line with the $n=2$ Landau level TO phonon replica. The coupling is caused by the resonant hole-phonon interaction, which points to a large 2D hole density in the structure.Comment: just published in Nano Letters (http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nl500818k

A bovine lymphosarcoma cell line infected with theileria annulata exhibits an irreversible reconfiguration of host cell gene expression

Theileria annulata, an intracellular parasite of bovine lymphoid cells, induces substantial phenotypic alterations to its host cell including continuous proliferation, cytoskeletal changes and resistance to apoptosis. While parasite induced modulation of host cell signal transduction pathways and NFκB activation are established, there remains considerable speculation on the complexities of the parasite directed control mechanisms that govern these radical changes to the host cell. Our objectives in this study were to provide a comprehensive analysis of the global changes to host cell gene expression with emphasis on those that result from direct intervention by the parasite. By using comparative microarray analysis of an uninfected bovine cell line and its Theileria infected counterpart, in conjunction with use of the specific parasitacidal agent, buparvaquone, we have identified a large number of host cell gene expression changes that result from parasite infection. Our results indicate that the viable parasite can irreversibly modify the transformed phenotype of a bovine cell line. Fifty percent of genes with altered expression failed to show a reversible response to parasite death, a possible contributing factor to initiation of host cell apoptosis. The genes that did show an early predicted response to loss of parasite viability highlighted a sub-group of genes that are likely to be under direct control by parasite infection. Network and pathway analysis demonstrated that this sub-group is significantly enriched for genes involved in regulation of chromatin modification and gene expression. The results provide evidence that the Theileria parasite has the regulatory capacity to generate widespread change to host cell gene expression in a complex and largely irreversible manner

HighResMIP versions of EC-Earth: EC-Earth3P and EC-Earth3P-HR - Description, model computational performance and basic validation

A new global high-resolution coupled climate model, EC-Earth3P-HR has been developed by the EC-Earth consortium, with a resolution of approximately 40 km for the atmosphere and 0.25° for the ocean, alongside with a standard-resolution version of the model, EC-Earth3P (80 km atmosphere, 1.0 ° ocean). The model forcing and simulations follow the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) protocol. According to this protocol, all simulations are made with both high and standard resolutions. The model has been optimized with respect to scalability, performance, data storage and post-processing. In accordance with the HighResMIP protocol, no specific tuning for the high-resolution version has been applied. Increasing horizontal resolution does not result in a general reduction of biases and overall improvement of the variability, and deteriorating impacts can be detected for specific regions and phenomena such as some Euro-Atlantic weather regimes, whereas others such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation show a clear improvement in their spatial structure. The omission of specific tuning might be responsible for this. The shortness of the spin-up, as prescribed by the HighResMIP protocol, prevented the model from reaching equilibrium. The trend in the control and historical simulations, however, appeared to be similar, resulting in a warming trend, obtained by subtracting the control from the historical simulation, close to the observational one